Add observability stack: Alloy, Tempo, and OTEL support

- Add NixOS modules for Alloy and Tempo with default configs
- Update Grafana datasource config for Prometheus, Loki, Tempo
- Add Prometheus remote_write for Alloy
- Implement OTEL metrics/tracing/logging in arrtrix (Go)
- Enable Alloy and Tempo in ulmo system config

modules/nixos/services/media/servarr/default.nix

@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ in {
                           {
                             method = 1; # HTTP METHOD 1=POST, 2=PUT
                             name = "Arrtrix";
-                            url = "http://[::1]${config'.services.arrtrix.settings.appservice.port}";
+                            url = "http://[::1]${toString config'.services.arrtrix.settings.appservice.port}";
                           }
                           // (lib.optionalAttrs (lib.elem service ["radarr" "whisparr"]) {
                             onMovieDelete = true;

modules/nixos/services/observability/alloy/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+{ config, lib, namespace, ... }:
+let
+  inherit (builtins) toString;
+  inherit (lib) mkEnableOption mkIf;
+
+  cfg = config.${namespace}.services.observability.alloy;
+
+  httpPort = 9007;
+  otlpGrpcPort = 9010;
+  otlpHttpPort = 9011;
+  tempoOtlpGrpcPort = 9009;
+in
+{
+  options.${namespace}.services.observability.alloy = {
+    enable = mkEnableOption "enable Grafana Alloy";
+  };
+
+  config = mkIf cfg.enable {
+    services.alloy = {
+      enable = true;
+      configPath = "/etc/alloy";
+      extraFlags = [
+        "--disable-reporting"
+        "--server.http.listen-addr=0.0.0.0:${toString httpPort}"
+        "--storage.path=/var/lib/alloy"
+      ];
+    };
+
+    environment.etc."alloy/config.alloy".text = ''
+      otelcol.receiver.otlp "default" {
+        grpc {
+          endpoint = "127.0.0.1:${toString otlpGrpcPort}"
+        }
+
+        http {
+          endpoint = "127.0.0.1:${toString otlpHttpPort}"
+        }
+
+        output {
+          metrics = [otelcol.processor.batch.metrics.input]
+          traces  = [otelcol.processor.batch.traces.input]
+        }
+      }
+
+      otelcol.processor.batch "metrics" {
+        output {
+          metrics = [otelcol.exporter.prometheus.default.input]
+        }
+      }
+
+      otelcol.processor.batch "traces" {
+        output {
+          traces = [otelcol.exporter.otlp.tempo.input]
+        }
+      }
+
+      otelcol.exporter.prometheus "default" {
+        forward_to = [prometheus.remote_write.local.receiver]
+      }
+
+      prometheus.remote_write "local" {
+        endpoint {
+          url = "http://127.0.0.1:${toString config.services.prometheus.port}/api/v1/write"
+        }
+      }
+
+      otelcol.exporter.otlp "tempo" {
+        client {
+          endpoint = "127.0.0.1:${toString tempoOtlpGrpcPort}"
+
+          tls {
+            insecure = true
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    '';
+
+    networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ httpPort ];
+  };
+}

modules/nixos/services/observability/grafana/default.nix

@@ -102,23 +102,43 @@ in {
           };
 
           datasources.settings.datasources = [
-            {
-              name = "Prometheus";
-              type = "prometheus";
-              url = "http://localhost:9005";
-              isDefault = true;
-              editable = false;
-            }
+             {
+               name = "Prometheus";
+               uid = "prometheus";
+               type = "prometheus";
+               url = "http://localhost:9002";
+               isDefault = true;
+               editable = false;
+             }
 
-            {
-              name = "Loki";
-              type = "loki";
-              url = "http://localhost:9003";
-              editable = false;
-            }
-          ];
-        };
-      };
+             {
+               name = "Loki";
+               uid = "loki";
+               type = "loki";
+               url = "http://localhost:9003";
+               editable = false;
+             }
+
+             {
+               name = "Tempo";
+               uid = "tempo";
+               type = "tempo";
+               url = "http://localhost:9006";
+               editable = false;
+               jsonData = {
+                 nodeGraph.enabled = true;
+                 serviceMap.datasourceUid = "prometheus";
+                 tracesToLogsV2 = {
+                   datasourceUid = "loki";
+                   filterByTraceID = true;
+                   spanStartTimeShift = "-1h";
+                   spanEndTimeShift = "1h";
+                 };
+               };
+             }
+           ];
+         };
+       };
 
       postgresql = {
         enable = true;

modules/nixos/services/observability/prometheus/default.nix

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 { pkgs, config, lib, namespace, ... }:
 let
   inherit (builtins) toString;
-  inherit (lib) mkIf mkEnableOption;
+  inherit (lib) mkEnableOption mkIf optionals;
 
   cfg = config.${namespace}.services.observability.prometheus;
 in
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ in
     services.prometheus = {
       enable = true;
       port = 9002;
+      extraFlags = optionals config.${namespace}.services.observability.alloy.enable [
+        "--web.enable-remote-write-receiver"
+      ];
 
       globalConfig.scrape_interval = "15s";
 
@@ -31,6 +34,22 @@ in
             { targets = [ "localhost:${toString config.services.prometheus.exporters.node.port}" ]; }
           ];
         }
+      ]
+      ++ optionals config.${namespace}.services.observability.alloy.enable [
+        {
+          job_name = "alloy";
+          static_configs = [
+            { targets = [ "localhost:9007" ]; }
+          ];
+        }
+      ]
+      ++ optionals config.${namespace}.services.observability.tempo.enable [
+        {
+          job_name = "tempo";
+          static_configs = [
+            { targets = [ "localhost:9006" ]; }
+          ];
+        }
       ];
 
       exporters = {

modules/nixos/services/observability/tempo/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+{ config, lib, namespace, ... }:
+let
+  inherit (lib) mkEnableOption mkIf;
+
+  cfg = config.${namespace}.services.observability.tempo;
+
+  httpPort = 9006;
+  grpcPort = 9008;
+  otlpGrpcPort = 9009;
+  otlpHttpPort = 9012;
+in
+{
+  options.${namespace}.services.observability.tempo = {
+    enable = mkEnableOption "enable Grafana Tempo";
+  };
+
+  config = mkIf cfg.enable {
+    services.tempo = {
+      enable = true;
+      settings = {
+        auth_enabled = false;
+        search_enabled = true;
+
+        server = {
+          http_listen_address = "0.0.0.0";
+          http_listen_port = httpPort;
+          grpc_listen_address = "127.0.0.1";
+          grpc_listen_port = grpcPort;
+        };
+
+        distributor.receivers.otlp.protocols = {
+          grpc.endpoint = "127.0.0.1:${builtins.toString otlpGrpcPort}";
+          http.endpoint = "127.0.0.1:${builtins.toString otlpHttpPort}";
+        };
+
+        storage.trace = {
+          backend = "local";
+          wal.path = "/var/lib/tempo/wal";
+          local.path = "/var/lib/tempo/traces";
+        };
+
+        compactor.compaction.block_retention = "168h";
+      };
+    };
+
+    networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ httpPort ];
+  };
+}

packages/arrtrix/pkg/observability/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package observability
+
+import "strings"
+
+type Config struct {
+	OTLPGRPCEndpoint   string            `yaml:"otlp_grpc_endpoint"`
+	ServiceName        string            `yaml:"service_name"`
+	ResourceAttributes map[string]string `yaml:"resource_attributes"`
+}
+
+func (c *Config) ApplyDefaults() {
+	if c.ServiceName == "" {
+		c.ServiceName = "arrtrix"
+	}
+	if c.ResourceAttributes == nil {
+		c.ResourceAttributes = map[string]string{}
+	}
+}
+
+func (c Config) Enabled() bool {
+	return strings.TrimSpace(c.OTLPGRPCEndpoint) != ""
+}

packages/arrtrix/pkg/observability/otel.go

@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+package observability
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlplog/otlploggrpc"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc"
+	otellog "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log"
+	logglobal "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log/global"
+	otelmetric "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric"
+	sdklog "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/log"
+	sdkmetric "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
+	sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
+)
+
+const (
+	instrumentationScope = "sneeuwvlok/packages/arrtrix"
+	logScope             = instrumentationScope + "/logs"
+)
+
+type Runtime struct {
+	traceProvider *sdktrace.TracerProvider
+	meterProvider *sdkmetric.MeterProvider
+	logProvider   *sdklog.LoggerProvider
+	logHook       zerolog.Hook
+}
+
+type exporterEndpoint struct {
+	raw      string
+	insecure bool
+}
+
+type instruments struct {
+	webhookRequests    otelCounter
+	webhookLatency     otelHistogram
+	commandInvocations otelCounter
+	inviteEvents       otelCounter
+	startupDuration    otelHistogram
+}
+
+type otelCounter interface {
+	Add(context.Context, int64, ...otelmetric.AddOption)
+}
+
+type otelHistogram interface {
+	Record(context.Context, float64, ...otelmetric.RecordOption)
+}
+
+var (
+	mu           sync.RWMutex
+	current      instruments
+	tracer       = otel.Tracer(instrumentationScope)
+	currentReady bool
+)
+
+func Setup(ctx context.Context, cfg Config, version string) (*Runtime, error) {
+	cfg.ApplyDefaults()
+	if !cfg.Enabled() {
+		resetInstruments()
+		return &Runtime{}, nil
+	}
+
+	res, err := buildResource(cfg, version)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	endpoint, err := parseEndpoint(cfg.OTLPGRPCEndpoint)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	traceExporter, err := otlptracegrpc.New(ctx, traceOptions(endpoint)...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create trace exporter: %w", err)
+	}
+	metricExporter, err := otlpmetricgrpc.New(ctx, metricOptions(endpoint)...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create metric exporter: %w", err)
+	}
+	logExporter, err := otlploggrpc.New(ctx, logOptions(endpoint)...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create log exporter: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	traceProvider := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(
+		sdktrace.WithResource(res),
+		sdktrace.WithBatcher(traceExporter),
+	)
+	meterProvider := sdkmetric.NewMeterProvider(
+		sdkmetric.WithResource(res),
+		sdkmetric.WithReader(sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(metricExporter, sdkmetric.WithInterval(30*time.Second))),
+	)
+	logProvider := sdklog.NewLoggerProvider(
+		sdklog.WithResource(res),
+		sdklog.WithProcessor(sdklog.NewBatchProcessor(logExporter)),
+	)
+
+	otel.SetTracerProvider(traceProvider)
+	otel.SetMeterProvider(meterProvider)
+	logglobal.SetLoggerProvider(logProvider)
+
+	if err = setInstruments(meterProvider); err != nil {
+		_ = traceProvider.Shutdown(ctx)
+		_ = meterProvider.Shutdown(ctx)
+		_ = logProvider.Shutdown(ctx)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	tracer = otel.Tracer(instrumentationScope)
+	return &Runtime{
+		traceProvider: traceProvider,
+		meterProvider: meterProvider,
+		logProvider:   logProvider,
+		logHook:       newLogHook(logglobal.Logger(logScope)),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (r *Runtime) Enabled() bool {
+	return r != nil && r.traceProvider != nil
+}
+
+func (r *Runtime) LoggerHook() zerolog.Hook {
+	if r == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return r.logHook
+}
+
+func (r *Runtime) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if r == nil || !r.Enabled() {
+		resetInstruments()
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var errs []error
+	if err := r.logProvider.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
+		errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("shutdown log provider: %w", err))
+	}
+	if err := r.meterProvider.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
+		errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("shutdown meter provider: %w", err))
+	}
+	if err := r.traceProvider.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
+		errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("shutdown trace provider: %w", err))
+	}
+	resetInstruments()
+	return errors.Join(errs...)
+}
+
+func StartSpan(ctx context.Context, name string, opts ...trace.SpanStartOption) (context.Context, trace.Span) {
+	return tracer.Start(ctx, name, opts...)
+}
+
+func RecordWebhook(ctx context.Context, eventType, outcome string, statusCode int, duration time.Duration) {
+	mu.RLock()
+	inst := current
+	ready := currentReady
+	mu.RUnlock()
+	if !ready {
+		return
+	}
+	attrs := otelmetric.WithAttributes(
+		attribute.String("event_type", eventType),
+		attribute.String("outcome", outcome),
+		attribute.Int("http.status_code", statusCode),
+	)
+	inst.webhookRequests.Add(ctx, 1, attrs)
+	inst.webhookLatency.Record(ctx, duration.Seconds(), attrs)
+}
+
+func RecordCommand(ctx context.Context, name, outcome string) {
+	mu.RLock()
+	inst := current
+	ready := currentReady
+	mu.RUnlock()
+	if !ready {
+		return
+	}
+	inst.commandInvocations.Add(ctx, 1, otelmetric.WithAttributes(
+		attribute.String("command", name),
+		attribute.String("outcome", outcome),
+	))
+}
+
+func RecordInvite(ctx context.Context, outcome string) {
+	mu.RLock()
+	inst := current
+	ready := currentReady
+	mu.RUnlock()
+	if !ready {
+		return
+	}
+	inst.inviteEvents.Add(ctx, 1, otelmetric.WithAttributes(attribute.String("outcome", outcome)))
+}
+
+func RecordStartupPhase(ctx context.Context, phase, outcome string, duration time.Duration) {
+	mu.RLock()
+	inst := current
+	ready := currentReady
+	mu.RUnlock()
+	if !ready {
+		return
+	}
+	inst.startupDuration.Record(ctx, duration.Seconds(), otelmetric.WithAttributes(
+		attribute.String("phase", phase),
+		attribute.String("outcome", outcome),
+	))
+}
+
+func parseEndpoint(raw string) (exporterEndpoint, error) {
+	raw = strings.TrimSpace(raw)
+	if raw == "" {
+		return exporterEndpoint{}, errors.New("observability.otlp_grpc_endpoint must not be empty when observability is enabled")
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(raw, "://") {
+		u, err := url.Parse(raw)
+		if err != nil {
+			return exporterEndpoint{}, fmt.Errorf("parse observability.otlp_grpc_endpoint: %w", err)
+		}
+		if u.Scheme == "" || u.Host == "" {
+			return exporterEndpoint{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid observability.otlp_grpc_endpoint %q", raw)
+		}
+		return exporterEndpoint{raw: raw, insecure: u.Scheme == "http"}, nil
+	}
+	return exporterEndpoint{raw: "http://" + raw, insecure: true}, nil
+}
+
+func buildResource(cfg Config, version string) (*resource.Resource, error) {
+	attrs := []attribute.KeyValue{
+		attribute.String("service.name", cfg.ServiceName),
+	}
+	if version != "" {
+		attrs = append(attrs, attribute.String("service.version", version))
+	}
+	for key, value := range cfg.ResourceAttributes {
+		attrs = append(attrs, attribute.String(key, value))
+	}
+	return resource.Merge(resource.Default(), resource.NewWithAttributes("", attrs...))
+}
+
+func setInstruments(provider *sdkmetric.MeterProvider) error {
+	meter := provider.Meter(instrumentationScope)
+
+	webhookRequests, err := meter.Int64Counter(
+		"arrtrix.webhook.requests",
+		otelmetric.WithDescription("Number of Arr webhook requests handled by arrtrix."),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create webhook request counter: %w", err)
+	}
+	webhookLatency, err := meter.Float64Histogram(
+		"arrtrix.webhook.duration.seconds",
+		otelmetric.WithDescription("Duration of Arr webhook request handling."),
+		otelmetric.WithUnit("s"),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create webhook duration histogram: %w", err)
+	}
+	commandInvocations, err := meter.Int64Counter(
+		"arrtrix.matrix.commands",
+		otelmetric.WithDescription("Number of Matrix management-room commands handled by arrtrix."),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create command counter: %w", err)
+	}
+	inviteEvents, err := meter.Int64Counter(
+		"arrtrix.matrix.invites",
+		otelmetric.WithDescription("Number of management-room invite flows observed by arrtrix."),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create invite counter: %w", err)
+	}
+	startupDuration, err := meter.Float64Histogram(
+		"arrtrix.runtime.phase.duration.seconds",
+		otelmetric.WithDescription("Duration of arrtrix runtime startup and shutdown phases."),
+		otelmetric.WithUnit("s"),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create runtime duration histogram: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	mu.Lock()
+	current = instruments{
+		webhookRequests:    webhookRequests,
+		webhookLatency:     webhookLatency,
+		commandInvocations: commandInvocations,
+		inviteEvents:       inviteEvents,
+		startupDuration:    startupDuration,
+	}
+	currentReady = true
+	mu.Unlock()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func resetInstruments() {
+	mu.Lock()
+	current = instruments{}
+	currentReady = false
+	mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func traceOptions(endpoint exporterEndpoint) []otlptracegrpc.Option {
+	opts := []otlptracegrpc.Option{otlptracegrpc.WithEndpointURL(endpoint.raw)}
+	if endpoint.insecure {
+		opts = append(opts, otlptracegrpc.WithInsecure())
+	}
+	return opts
+}
+
+func metricOptions(endpoint exporterEndpoint) []otlpmetricgrpc.Option {
+	opts := []otlpmetricgrpc.Option{otlpmetricgrpc.WithEndpointURL(endpoint.raw)}
+	if endpoint.insecure {
+		opts = append(opts, otlpmetricgrpc.WithInsecure())
+	}
+	return opts
+}
+
+func logOptions(endpoint exporterEndpoint) []otlploggrpc.Option {
+	opts := []otlploggrpc.Option{otlploggrpc.WithEndpointURL(endpoint.raw)}
+	if endpoint.insecure {
+		opts = append(opts, otlploggrpc.WithInsecure())
+	}
+	return opts
+}
+
+type otelLogHook struct {
+	logger otellog.Logger
+}
+
+func newLogHook(logger otellog.Logger) zerolog.Hook {
+	return otelLogHook{logger: logger}
+}
+
+func (h otelLogHook) Run(e *zerolog.Event, level zerolog.Level, message string) {
+	if h.logger == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	ctx := e.GetCtx()
+	if ctx == nil {
+		ctx = context.Background()
+	}
+
+	severity := mapSeverity(level)
+	if !h.logger.Enabled(ctx, otellog.EnabledParameters{Severity: severity}) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	record := otellog.Record{}
+	record.SetTimestamp(now)
+	record.SetObservedTimestamp(now)
+	record.SetSeverity(severity)
+	record.SetSeverityText(strings.ToUpper(level.String()))
+	record.SetBody(otellog.StringValue(message))
+	record.AddAttributes(otellog.String("log.scope", logScope))
+
+	if spanCtx := trace.SpanContextFromContext(ctx); spanCtx.IsValid() {
+		record.AddAttributes(
+			otellog.String("trace_id", spanCtx.TraceID().String()),
+			otellog.String("span_id", spanCtx.SpanID().String()),
+		)
+	}
+
+	h.logger.Emit(ctx, record)
+}
+
+func mapSeverity(level zerolog.Level) otellog.Severity {
+	switch level {
+	case zerolog.TraceLevel:
+		return otellog.SeverityTrace
+	case zerolog.DebugLevel:
+		return otellog.SeverityDebug
+	case zerolog.InfoLevel:
+		return otellog.SeverityInfo
+	case zerolog.WarnLevel:
+		return otellog.SeverityWarn
+	case zerolog.ErrorLevel:
+		return otellog.SeverityError
+	case zerolog.FatalLevel:
+		return otellog.SeverityFatal
+	case zerolog.PanicLevel:
+		return otellog.SeverityFatal4
+	default:
+		return otellog.SeverityUndefined
+	}
+}

packages/arrtrix/pkg/observability/otel_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package observability
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestConfigDefaults(t *testing.T) {
+	var cfg Config
+	cfg.ApplyDefaults()
+
+	if cfg.ServiceName != "arrtrix" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected default service name arrtrix, got %q", cfg.ServiceName)
+	}
+	if cfg.ResourceAttributes == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected resource attributes map to be initialized")
+	}
+	if cfg.Enabled() {
+		t.Fatal("expected observability to be disabled by default")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseEndpointSupportsURLAndBareHost(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		input     string
+		wantRaw   string
+		insecure  bool
+		wantError bool
+	}{
+		{name: "https url", input: "https://otel.example:4317", wantRaw: "https://otel.example:4317"},
+		{name: "http url", input: "http://127.0.0.1:4317", wantRaw: "http://127.0.0.1:4317", insecure: true},
+		{name: "bare host", input: "collector:4317", wantRaw: "http://collector:4317", insecure: true},
+		{name: "invalid", input: "://bad", wantError: true},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := parseEndpoint(tt.input)
+			if tt.wantError {
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Fatal("expected error")
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("parseEndpoint returned error: %v", err)
+			}
+			if got.raw != tt.wantRaw {
+				t.Fatalf("expected raw endpoint %q, got %q", tt.wantRaw, got.raw)
+			}
+			if got.insecure != tt.insecure {
+				t.Fatalf("expected insecure=%t, got %t", tt.insecure, got.insecure)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

systems/x86_64-linux/ulmo/default.nix

@@ -256,10 +256,12 @@
       };
 
       observability = {
+        alloy.enable = true;
         grafana.enable = true;
-        prometheus.enable = true;
         loki.enable = true;
+        prometheus.enable = true;
         promtail.enable = true;
+        tempo.enable = true;
         # uptime-kuma.enable = true;
       };